Thanjavur, also known as Tanjore, is a historic city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is renowned for its rich cultural heritage, classical art forms, and architectural marvels. Here’s a detailed look at what makes Thanjavur a must-visit destination:
Key Attractions and Highlights
Brihadeeswarar Temple
The Brihadeeswarar Temple, also known as the Big Temple, is the crowning jewel of Thanjavur. Built by the Chola emperor Rajaraja Chola I in the 11th century, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is a magnificent example of Dravidian architecture. Key features include:
- Vimana (Temple Tower): Standing at about 66 meters tall, it is one of the tallest temple towers in the world.
- Nandi Statue: A massive monolithic statue of Nandi (the bull mount of Lord Shiva) measuring about 6 meters in length and 3.6 meters in height.
- Intricate Carvings: The temple is adorned with intricate carvings and frescoes that depict various aspects of Hindu mythology.
Thanjavur Maratha Palace
The Thanjavur Maratha Palace, also known as the Thanjavur Royal Palace, was constructed by the Thanjavur Maratha kings after the fall of the Chola dynasty. The palace complex houses several attractions, including:
- Art Gallery: Featuring an impressive collection of Chola bronze statues and stone sculptures.
- Saraswathi Mahal Library: One of the oldest libraries in Asia, housing a vast collection of manuscripts, palm leaf manuscripts, and rare books.
- Durbar Hall: A beautifully decorated hall used for royal functions and ceremonies.
Saraswathi Mahal Library
Located within the Maratha Palace complex, the Saraswathi Mahal Library is a treasure trove of ancient manuscripts and rare books. The library was established in the 16th century and has an extensive collection of palm leaf manuscripts, texts in various languages, and historical documents.
Gangaikonda Cholapuram
A short drive from Thanjavur, the Gangaikonda Cholapuram is another architectural marvel built by Rajendra Chola I, the son of Rajaraja Chola I. The temple is known for its massive vimana, exquisite sculptures, and beautiful inscriptions.
Thanjavur Art and Culture
Thanjavur is famous for its classical art forms, including the Thanjavur painting. These traditional paintings are characterized by rich colors, surface richness, compact composition, and the use of gold foil. Thanjavur is also known for its contributions to Carnatic music and Bharatanatyam dance. The city hosts various cultural festivals and performances that showcase these classical art forms.
Cultural Significance
Thanjavur has been a cultural hub for centuries and continues to be a center for the preservation and promotion of traditional South Indian art and culture. The city celebrates various festivals with great enthusiasm, including Pongal, Navaratri, and Thyagaraja Aradhana.
Accessibility
Thanjavur is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The nearest railway station is Thanjavur Junction, and the nearest airport is Tiruchirappalli International Airport, located about 60 kilometers away. Regular bus services and taxis are available for convenient travel to and from Thanjavur.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Thanjavur is from October to March, when the weather is pleasant and ideal for exploring the city’s attractions. The monsoon season, from June to September, brings heavy rains, making it less favorable for travel.
Activities and Amenities
Visitors to Thanjavur can enjoy a variety of activities, including:
- Temple Visits: Explore the architectural marvels and spiritual significance of the Brihadeeswarar Temple and Gangaikonda Cholapuram.
- Cultural Performances: Attend classical music and dance performances.
- Art and Craft: Visit local workshops and galleries to see traditional Thanjavur paintings and other handicrafts.
- Heritage Walks: Take guided tours of the city’s historical landmarks and learn about its rich history.
Thanjavur’s blend of architectural splendor, cultural richness, and historical significance makes it a captivating destination for travelers. Whether you’re interested in exploring its ancient temples, experiencing its classical art forms, or immersing yourself in its vibrant culture, Thanjavur has something to offer for everyone.